The above 7 pairs are taken
from the "Major" scale:
In addition to those (7),
there are the minor 3rd
Sharp 4th, Flat 5th
Minor 7th
... and lastly the minor 2nd,
but he's been naughty and is
in a "time out"
When we combine 3 (TRIADS)
of these, such as the 1,3,5
or, such as the 1,b3,5
____________________________________
I want you to know, that
I know
I have not yet answered your questions:
1. " who they are "
2. " what they do "
But you've waited forty years for this
... forty more days shoudn't matter! LOL